Structural behaviour of a clt connection with bonded-in rods under shear loading
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2522-4182.15.2024.156-173Ключові слова:
glued-in rods (GiR), bonded-in rods, combined loading, group effects, universal joint, CLT panels, connectorАнотація
The test results presented in this paper show the load-carrying capacity, deformability and failure modes in shear in-plane and out-of-plane of CLT panels with the newly developed solution of a universal connector for CLT timber structures, which offers the possibility of quick and easy installation and assembly, as well as easy disassembly and reuse. This solution shall contribute to the necessary reconstruction of the damages in Ukraine and facilitate the quick restoration of housing as well as
providing long-lasting sustainable and circular connection solutions. The developed connector is a unit in the form of a steel plate on glued-in rods, that are embedded in the CLT panels and developed in the frame of research project “ReConnect - Efficient connections for modular prefabricated timber buildings to help reconstruction in Ukraine”. This allows to connection CLT panels in various arrangements together or to other building parts such as foundations or concrete cores. Connections with glued-in rods are widely used in Eastern European countries, especially in long-span timber structures for buildings
of various types. ReConnect is funded by Swedish Institutet, the partners from O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv (Ukraine), Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg (Sweden), Tallinn University of Technology, (Estonia), and National University of Water and Environmental Engineering in Rivne (Ukraine) are collaborating.
Посилання
Von Prof. Dr. sc. nat. Klaus Doerffel. (1990). Statistikin der analytischenchemie/ 5., Erweiterte und überarbeiteteauflage/Publisher:
Deutschervlg f. Grundstoffindustrie, 260p.
Lothar Sachs. (1972) Statistis-cheAuswertungsmethoden.Springer-verlag, berlin, heidelberg, New York. 671 p.
Jockwer R., Jorissen A. (2018).Stiffness and deformation of connections with dowel-type fasteners. Sandhaas, C., Munch-Andersen, J., Dietsch, P. (eds.), Design of Connections in Timber Structures: A state-of-the-art report by COST Action FP1402 / WG3, Shaker Verlag Aachen, , p.95-126.
ETA 21/0914, REZULTCLT. Cross laminated timber element. Ukrainian Sawmill Holding Company ltd, 38 Yaroslaviv Val St., UА-010З4
Kyiv, Ukraine, www.rezult.pro.
EOTA TR070:2019-10 Design of glued-in rods for timber connections. Technical report. European organization for technical assessment.
DIN EN 26891 Timber structures. Joints made with mechanical fasteners. General principles for the determination of strength and deformation characteristics. European committee for standardization (CEN), Brussels.
EN14358:2016 Timber structures - calculation and verification of characteristic values. European Committee for Standardization (CEN),
Brussels.
EN 1995-1-1 (2004): Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures – Part 1-1: General – Common rules and regulations for buildings. European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, with corrections and amendments + AC:2006 and A1:2008.
Andersen M., HøierM. (2016). Glued-in Rods in Cross Laminated Timber, Master’s Thesis, Aarhus University, Denmark
Ayansola, G.S., Tannert T., and Vallee T. (2022). Glued-in Multiple Steel Rod Connections in Cross-Laminated Timber. Journal of Adhesion 98, no. 6: 810–26.
http://doi.org /10.1080/00218464.2021.1962715.
Azinovic B., Serrano E., Kramar M., Pazlar T. (2018). Experimental investigation of the axial strength of glued-in rods in cross laminated timber, Mater. Struct. 51,
http://doi.org /10.1617/s11527-018-1268-y
Azinovic B., Danielsson H., Serrano E., Kramar M. (2019). Glued-in Rods in Cross Laminated Timber – Numerical simulations and parametric studies. Constr. and Build. Mat. 212, p.431-441.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.331.
Bidakov A., Raspopov I., StrashkoB. (2018). Withdrawal resistance of glued-in steel rods by pull-pull tests in CLT. Proceedings of the 1st
eastern europe conference on timber constructions. Kharkiv, Ukraine. 142p., p. 87-97.
EN 17334:2021. Glued-in-Rods in Glued Structural Timber Products -Testing, Requirements and Bond Shear Strength Classification. European Committee for Standardization CEN, Brussels, Belgium.
Jockwer R., Palma P., Rebouas A. S., Salenikovich A. (2023). Development of comprehensive testing procedures for high-performance
bonded-in rods. Conference: World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023), Oslo, p. 3675-3684.
prEN 1995-1-1:2023. Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures -Common rules and rules for buildings - Part 1-1: General. CEN/TC250/SC 5. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium.
Stepinac M., Hunger F., Tomasi R., Serrano E., Rajcic V., J.-W. van de Kuilen. (2013). Comparison of design rules for glued-in rods and
design rule proposal for implementation in European standards, Proc. of the CIB-W18 Meeting 46/46-7-1, Vancouver, Canada.
Serrano E. (2001) Glued-in rods for timber structures – a 3D model and finite element parameter studies, Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 21 115–
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7496(00)00043-9.
Madhoushi M., Ansell M.P. (2017) Effect of glue-line thickness on pull-out behavior of glued-in GFRP rods in LVL: Finite element
analysis, Polym. Test. 62 196– 202.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.06.029.
Lartigau J., Coureau J.-L., Morel S., Galimard P., Maurin E. (2015) Mixed mode fracture of glued-in rods in timber structures, Int. J.
Fract. 192 71–86.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-014-9986-9.
Gardelle V., Morlier P. (2007) Geometric parameters which affect the short term resistance of an axially loaded glued-in rod, Mater. Struct. 40 127–138.
https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-006-9155-3.
M. del Senno, Piazza M., Tomasi R. (2004) Axial glued-in steel timber joints – experimental and numerical analysis, Holz Als Roh Werkst. 62 137–146.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-003-0450-1.
Stamatopoulos H., Malo K.A. (2018) Withdrawal of pairs of threaded rods with small edge distances and spacings, Eur. J. Wood Wood
Prod. 76 31–42.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-016-1146-7
Mpidi Bita H., Tannert T. (2018) Numerical optimisation of novel connection for cross-laminated timber buildings, Eng. Struct. 175 273–
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.020
Cepelka M., Malo K.A., Stamatopoulos H. (2018) Effect of rod-to-grain angle on capacity and stiffness of axially and laterally loaded long
threaded rods in timber joints, Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. 76 1311–1322.
